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美國太陽光電成長趨緩 聯邦政策重心轉向化石燃料
US solar energy growth to slow as Washington priorities shift
New U.S. solarenergy installations are expected to fall over the next five years as the industry grapples with a shift in federal policy that favors fossilfuels, tariffs and other challenges, according to a report published on Monday by a top solar trade group. New solar capacity will be more than 10% lower in 2030 than in 2025, according to a forecast by the Solar Energy Industries Association and energy research firm Wood Mackenzie. The outlook includes the expected effects of new federal tariffs on a range of imported materials that are important to solar projects, including steel and aluminum. But it does not include potential cuts to clean energy tax credits being considered in a Republican budget bill in Congress - another major threat to the industry if passed into law. Tax credits for clean energy projects and factories contained in former U.S. President Joe Biden's 2022 Inflation Reduction Act have buttressed industry growth in the last three years. The industry installed 10.8 gigawatts of capacity in the first quarter of this year, a decline of 7% from a year ago but still near historical highs, the report said. At the same time, eight new or expanded solar factories opened during the quarter in states including Texas and Ohio. The U.S. solar industry is on track to install 48.6 GW this year, but that will decline to 43.5 GW in 2030, the report said.
美國太陽光電產業協會（SEIA）與能源研究機構Wood Mackenzie發布報告指出，由於聯邦政策轉向支持化石燃料，加上關稅及其他挑戰，到2030年，美國新增光電裝置容量將比2025年減少逾10%。 預估已納入對進口材料徵收關稅的影響，包括太陽光電模組關鍵材料如鋼鐵和鋁，但尚未計入國會正在審議的預算法案中，可能削減清潔能源稅收抵免的影響。若法案通過，將對產業造成重大威脅。 拜登政府於2022年通過的《降低通膨法案》（IRA），為清潔能源專案與工廠提供稅收抵免，為三年來推動產業增長的重要動力。SEIA警告，上月眾議院通過的預算法案可能動搖太陽光電產業的成長熱潮。 今年第一季，美國太陽光電裝置容量為10.8 GW，較去年同期下降7%，但仍接近歷史高點。在德州、俄亥俄州等多個州，共有八家新建或擴建的太陽光電工廠投入營運。報告預測，光電產業今年預計將安裝48.6 GW的新容量，但到2030年將下滑至43.5 GW。
上架時間: 2025-06-26 13:37:03
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